1942: Oklahoma

Area and Population.

The 'Sooner State' got its nickname from the famous land rush of April 22, 1889. Its formal name is a Choctaw word meaning, 'Okla' — people; and, 'homa' — red. It ranks 17th in size among the states, with an area of 69,919 sq. mi. including 636 sq. mi. of inland water surface, according to remeasurements of the United States undertaken for the 16th census in 1940. In population it ranks 22nd, numbering 2,336,434 according to the 1940 census. The largest cities are Oklahoma City, the capital, 204,424; Tulsa, 142,157; Muskogee, 32,332; Enid, 28,081; and Shawnee, 22,053.

The University of Oklahoma claims an unusually complete collection of vertebrate fossils and dinosaurs. The state is proud of its Indian history and Indian relics, and also of the largest Indian hospital in the nation. The state produces almost unlimited oil and natural gas; one small district, the Seminole district, produced in 1927 a fifth of the world's crude oil. Fort Sill has the largest artillery school in the country; Guthrie boasts the largest Masonic Scottish Rite Temple in the world. The famous tri-state Ozark region occupies the northeastern corner of the state, where Grand Lake has been formed by the longest multiple-arch dam in the world, the Pensacola Dam.

Education.

The total enrollment in the public schools for 1941-42 consisted of 528,293 students, and 19,391 teachers. The secondary schools had an enrollment of 128,603 in 854 public high schools, showing a decrease of a little more than 7 per cent under the 1940-41 enrollment. The expenditures for public education during the fiscal year amounted to $32,625,955.

Agriculture.

In spite of the spectacular development of its mineral resources, Oklahoma remains primarily an agricultural state. Cotton and wheat are in the lead, with corn a close third; hay, oats, and grain sorghums follow in production value. Livestock and poultry are major agricultural interests; the climate is favorable to turkey-raising, which is extensively carried on. Production of wheat rose in 1942 to 61,792,000 bu., from 48,610,000 bu. in 1941. In the same year corn increased from 31,202,000 bu. in 1941, to 36,594,000 bu. The 1942 peanut crop amounted to 183,000,000 lb. or almost four times the size of the 1941 crop.

Lumber.

Soft pine is cut in large quantities in the hilly eastern section; also hard pine, oak, red gum, and elm.

Mineral Products.

Oklahoma's total mineral wealth in 1940 was $235,494,159. The authority for this figure and those to follow were furnished by the Bureau of Mines in Washington and the Oklahoma Geological Survey at Norman, Oklahoma. In 1940 the state produced 156,164,000 bbl. of petroleum valued at $162,500,000; it also produced 399,369,000 gal. of natural gasoline worth $8,926,000; 257,626,000 cu. ft. of natural gas, which sold for $31,603,000. In the same year, the state produced 162,935 short tons of zinc worth $20,529,810; 21,240 short tons of lead brought $2,124,000. Coal produced amounted to 1,645,981 short tons valued at $4,021,760.

Tulsa is commonly known as 'the oil capital of the world'; it has one of the largest refineries in the nation operated exclusively on high gravity 100 per cent paraffine-base oils; more than 300 manufacturers and dealers in oil-field supplies and equipment are established there; and the University of Oklahoma at Norman has a complete oil-field sample display, with more than 15,000 items.

Finance.

In the fiscal year ending June 30, 1942, total state collections amounted to $71,112,027.21. The major collection items were the gasoline excise tax, $20,258,790.19; the sales tax, $14,440,843.11; the income tax, $8,178,844.98; the motor vehicle license tax, $8,478,240.88; the cigarette license and tax, $3,440,581.74; the gross production tax, $9,306,144.09; and the tobacco license and tax, $1,359,380.27.

Banking.

On June 30, 1942, 207 Oklahoma national banks were reported to have a total of $503,104,000 in deposits. On the same date 182 state banks were reported to have total deposits of $74,540,000; a grand total of $577,644,000.

Loans and discounts reported as of the same date, were as follows: 182 state banks, $28,970,000; 207 national banks, $148,351,000, total of $177,321,000.

Events of the Year.

In the special election of July 14, 1942, the people adopted a constitutional amendment 'providing that the Legislature may enact laws authorizing the state, state institutions, and school districts, collectively or severally to provide retirement benefits for teachers and other employees in the public schools, colleges, and universities in the state supported wholly or in part by public funds.' This amendment was adopted by a vote of 257,740 yes and 151,451 no. The Governor declared the amendment a part of the Constitution on July 28, 1942.

During 1942 there was a marked growth of national defense projects in Oklahoma. A civilian pilot-training program was started at Altus; Ardmore has a glider school; Frederick a bomber base and McAlester aNavy ammunition depot. An airport and cantonment are located at Woodward just a few miles from the site of old Camp Supply. Camp Gruber was organized just out of Muskogee, Borden Hospital (Navy) at Chickasha, and a Naval base hospital at Norman. El Reno has an auxiliary air base for Cimarron field, and at Norman are the Naval Training School (aviation maintenance), the Naval aviation base, and under the same command, the Naval Gunnery school. These have all been constructed since July 1942, and are now in operation.

State Officers.

Governor, Robert S. Kerr; Lieutenant Governor, James E. Berry; Secretary of State, Frank C. Carter; Treasurer, A. S. J. Shaw; Auditor, C. C. Childers; Attorney General, Mac Q. Williamson; Superintendent of Public Instruction, A. L. Crable.

United States Senators:

J. Elmer Thomas, Edward H. Moore.

1941: Oklahoma

Area and Population.

The 'Sooner State' got its nickname from the famous land rush of April 22, 1889. Its formal name is a Choctaw word meaning 'home of the red people.' It ranks 17th in size among the states, with an area of 69,919 sq. mi., including 636 sq. mi. of inland water surface, according to remeasurements of the United States undertaken for the 16th census in 1940. In population it ranks 22nd, numbering 2,336,434 according to the 1940 census. The largest cities are Oklahoma City, the capital, 204,424; Tulsa, 142,157; Muskogee, 32,332; Enid, 28,081; and Shawnee, 22,053.

Oklahoma claims the oldest petrified tree known to man, and the most complete collection of dinosaurs in the country. The state is proud of its Indian history and Indian relics, and of the largest Indian hospital in the nation; of boom towns (the present capital became a city of 10,000 in a single day in 1889); and of unlimited oil and natural gas — one small town, Seminole, produced in 1927 a fifth of the world's crude oil. Oklahoma has 35,000 A. of state parks; Fort Sill has the largest artillery school in the country; Guthrie boasts the largest Masonic Scottish Rite Temple in the world. The famous tri-state Ozark region occupies the northeastern corner of the state, where Grand Lake has been formed by the longest multiple-arch dam in the world, the Pensacola Dam.

Education.

The Superintendent of Public Instruction reported as of June 30, 1941, 700,000 persons of school age (6 to 21). Of these, 611,818 attended schools in 4,750 districts: 466,597 in elementary grades, taught by 15,424 teachers; 138,725 in secondary grades, taught by 5,154 white and 330 Negro teachers. In the last three years elementary enrollment has decreased 20 per cent, while secondary enrollment has increased 4 per cent, and teaching personnel 2 per cent. State expenditures on education during the past school year, 1940-41, were $31,507,590, an increase of about 16 per cent in three years.

Agriculture.

In spite of the spectacular development of its mineral resources, Oklahoma remains primarily an agricultural state. Cotton and wheat are in the lead, with corn a close third; hay, oats, and grain sorghums follow in production value. Livestock and poultry are major agricultural interests; the climate is favorable to turkey-raising, which is extensively carried on.

Lumber.

Soft pine is cut in large quantities in the hilly eastern section; also hard pine, oak, red gum, and elm.

Mineral Products.

Of the state's total mineral wealth, for which it ranked fifth in 1939, at $236,176,614, petroleum easily furnishes more than half. In 1940 the amount produced was 155,952,000 bbl., the state retaining third place for that item, in spite of a decrease from the 159,913,000 bbl. produced in 1939, with a value of $166,300,000. Of natural gasoline, for which Oklahoma also ranks third, the amount in 1940 was 379,200,000 gal. Natural gas continues to be one of the major resources of the state, although exact figures are not available for 1940. Zinc, in which Oklahoma ranks first, increased in 1940 to 162,935 tons, compared with 140,379 in 1939, valued at $14,599,416.

Tulsa is commonly known as 'the oil capital of the world'; it has the largest refinery in the world operated exclusively on high gravity 100 per cent paraffine-base oils; more than 300 manufacturers and dealers in oil-field supplies and equipment are located there; and the University has the world's largest oil-field sample display, with more than 15,000 items.

Finance.

In the fiscal year ending June 30, 1941, total state collections amounted to $55,209,737; Federal funds received were $19,197,022; making total receipts $77,103,754. Expenditures included assistance grants, $20,959,458; education, $16,081,209; highways, $14,649,410; total expenditures were $85,664,481. The deficit for the fiscal year was therefore $7,658,432. The major collection items were the gasoline tax, $15,538,639; sales tax, $11,191,361; gross production tax, $7,885,394; income tax, $6,261,839, 11 per cent of the whole (down 1 per cent); and motor vehicle licenses, $5,586,187.

Banking.

As of December 31, 1941, 246 banks reported deposits of $489,204,000 (almost 17 per cent increase over 1940); and loans of $170,523,000 (18 per cent increase).

Events of the Year.

The Legislature adopted a permanent salary schedule for teachers, which would assure them a certain minimum. The present annual average for all teachers is $1,007. The Legislature also set up a super-board of control over all educational institutions of college grade.

Events connected with preparedness and national defense during 1941 included the enlargement of Fort Sill to accommodate 40,000 officers and men; the establishment of a bomber plant at Tulsa, of an air depot and an air base at Oklahoma City, of a powder plant at Choteau, and of air schools at Enid, Chickasha, Ponca City, and Oklahoma City.

State Officers.

Governor, Leon C. Phillips; Lieutenant Governor, James E. Berry; Secretary of State, C. C. Childers; Treasurer, Carl B. Sebring; Auditor, Frank C. Carter; Attorney General, Mac Q. Williamson; Superintendent of Public Instruction, A. L. Crable.

United States Senators:

J. Elmer Thomas, Josh Lee.

1940: Oklahoma

Area and Population.

The 'Sooner' State (so nicknamed from the famous land rush of April 22, 1889) ranks 17th in area among the states, with 70,057 sq. mi. Nearly three-fourths consists of farm land, but large tracts of the farm area are under lease to the oil companies. In population, the state lost 66,232 in the decade since 1930, and therefore dropped from 21st place to 22nd; the 1940 census shows a population of 2,329,808. The chief cities are Oklahoma City (the capital), 204,424; Tulsa, 142,157; Muskogee, 32,332; Enid, 28,081; and Shawnee, 22,053.

Agriculture.

Although Oklahoma is famous for its mineral resources, it remains substantially agricultural. The major crops are wheat, cotton, corn, hay, oats, and sorghums, in this order. Livestock and poultry are also important; the climate encourages extensive raising of turkeys.

Lumbering.

In the hilly eastern part of the state large quantities of soft pine are cut, and also yellow pine, oak, red gum, and elm.

Mineral Products.

Oklahoma ranks 4th among the states in the total value of its mineral resources; 3d in its production of petroleum, being exceeded only by Texas and California; 4th in its production of natural gas. Petroleum and gas are being produced in more than half of the 77 counties; predominantly in the north central and southwest areas. Oil production is being held down to around 200,000,000 bbl.; the amount in 1939 totaled 160,072,000 bbl. Gas production is also down from the high output of three years ago, to an estimated 275,000,000 M. cu. ft. In zinc production the state is still first, with production in 1939 at 140,379 tons. The total mineral wealth of Oklahoma in 1938 amounted to $272,260,078.

Industry.

Petroleum refining is the leading industry of the state, with products valued at more than three times any other. Meat and poultry products and metal products are next, with closely approximating values; followed by foodstuffs, dairy and bakery products, printing and publishing. In other words, the four leading industries are petroleum refining; the processing of agricultural products; manufacture of machinery; printing and publishing. The second is valued at more than half the other three combined.

Education.

Latest reports from the Superintendent of Public Instruction show that in the school year 1937-38 there were 707,328 residents of school age (6 to 21); 633,750 enrolled in 5,184 schools; including 585,114 whites and 48,636 Negroes. Elementary pupils numbered 500,471; secondary, 133,279. Teachers were 20,459; including white 18,822, Negro, 1,637. They were paid an average salary of $815. Total school expenditures were $27,161,318.

Banking.

The State Banking Department reported on Oct. 2, 1939, that the 183 State Banks had loans and discounts of $22,323,459 (an increase over the preceding quarter); deposits, $56,044,671 (an increase); capital, $7,904,724 (an increase). The cash reserves were 43.9 per cent of the total deposits.

Finance.

The State Treasurer reported for the year ending June 30, 1939, as follows: receipts, $63,323,027; expenditures, $74,714,789. The chief expense items included state funds for education, $22,106,731; old-age assistance and other grants, $17,628,883; direct relief, $1,681,807; unemployment insurance (for six months), $2,820,995. Federal aid funds amounted to $16,223,500.

Events of the Year.

National defense is causing important expansion at Fort Sill, the leading artillery center of the nation. The 1,625 officers and 19,500 enlisted men there are being increased by 22,000 additional officers and men. Additional expenditure for this increase of personnel will add $9,000,000 to the present investment there of $15,000,000.

Thirteen major Federal projects for water supply and flood control within the state have been authorized and are under construction. Included among them are the Great Salt Plains Project, the Hula Dam Project ($6,407,000), the Wister Reservoir ($6,560,000), the Tin Killer Field Project ($12,390,000), the Denison Dam Project ($54,000,000), the Altus-Lugart Project ($6,000,000), the Canton Reservoir Project ($15,000,000). The thirteen projects will cost above $100,000,000; funds already allocated total $12,618,420.

The mile-square Oklahoma City Airport is being used as an intermediate Air Corps Station, midway between the two key bases of the G.H.Q. Air Force: Langley Field, Va., and March Field, Calif. War Department funds of $181,000 are included in the $430,000 being spent there.

In the election, Oklahoma continued its Democratic tradition by giving President Roosevelt a plurality over Wendell Willkie of 125,441 in a total vote of 826,212, or 57 per cent of that total.

State Officers.

Governor, Leon C. Phillips; Lieutenant Governor, James E. Berry; Secretary of State, C. C. Childers; Treasurer, Carl B. Sebring; Auditor, Frank C. Carter; Attorney General, Mac Q. Williamson; Superintendent of Public Instruction, A. L. Crable.

United States Senators:

J. Elmer Thomas, Josh Lee.

1939: Oklahoma

Area and Population.

The state got its nickname 'the Sooner State,' from the famous land rush of April 22, 1889, eighteen years before its admission to statehood on Nov. 16, 1907. Its area of 70,057 sq. mi. gives it 17th place in size among the states. Of this area, 70 per cent is farm land. Its population of 2,548,000 (Federal estimate July 1, 1937) ranks it 21st in that respect. Negroes number 170,000; and among the foreign-born, Germans are in the majority. The larger cities are Oklahoma City (the capital), 225,000; Tulsa, 170,000; Muskogee, 35,000; Enid, 35,000; Shawnee, 26,000.

Agriculture.

In spite of having gained fame chiefly as a petroleum state, Oklahoma is also an important agricultural state. Wheat is the main crop: cotton ranks second, with corn, oats, grain sorghums, and hay following in that order. Livestock and poultry (especially turkeys) are extensively raised.

Lumbering.

Timber is cut in large quantities in the mountainous eastern part; chiefly soft pine, with such hard woods as yellow pine, oak, red gum, and elm.

Mineral Products.

Among the mineral resources which give Oklahoma the rank of fourth highest in that regard in the United States (their total value in 1937 having been $367,444,222), petroleum is the leader. Petroleum and gas are found in more than half of the 77 counties of the state, mainly in the north central and southwestern sections. Oil production in 1938 fell decidedly below the high record for 1937, with 174,882,000 bbl., as against 228,839,000 bbl. (value, $283,500,000) in the previous year. The state still retained third place however, in oil production, being surpassed only by Texas and California. The output of natural gas, in which Oklahoma ranks fourth, was reduced by 25 per cent to an estimated total of 260,000,000 M. cu. ft. in 1938, compared with 296,260,000 M. cu. ft. in 1937 valued at $32,039,000. Zinc also, in which the state ranks first, showed the fall in production which was general in the mining industry in 1938, the amount for the year being 112,924 tons compared with 135,696 tons in 1937.

Industry.

The major industries of the state are petroleum refining, with an income greater than that of all other industries combined; flour and grain milling; cottonseed oil manufacture; zinc smelting and refining; meatpacking; and lumbering.

Education.

The Superintendent of Public Instruction reported that in 1937-38, of 707,328 persons of school age (6 to 21), 633,750 were enrolled in 5,184 schools. They included 585,114 whites and 48,636 Negroes. Of these, 500,471 were in elementary schools, 133,279 in secondary; 28,963 were enrolled in vocational courses. The teachers employed in 1936-37 numbered 20,459 (white 18,822, Negro 1,637). Current expenditures in that school year were $27,161,318. Total expenditures for colleges and universities in 1937-38 were $9,824,906.

Banking.

The 183 state banks reported on October 2, 1939 as follows: loans and discounts, $22,323,459 (an increase in three months of $432,037); total deposits, $56,044,671 (an increase of $2,157,173); total capital, $7,904,724 (an increase of $277,046). The cash reserves were 43.90 per cent of the total deposits. Assets in cash and sight exchange represented 38.43 per cent; in stocks and bonds, 24.66; in loans and discounts, 34.88; in other real estate and other assets, 1.06; liabilities in deposits, 87.48.

Finance.

The state treasury reported for the year ending June 30, 1939, receipts of $63,323,027; expenditures of $74,714,789. Major expense items were: education, $22,106,731; old age and other assistance grants, $17,628,883; direct relief, $1,681,807 (a decrease of $2,595,101); expenditures for unemployment insurance (since December, 1938), $2,820,995; cost of administration, $828,246. Federal aid funds expended during the period were $16,223,500 (an increase of $5,138,519).

Events of the Year.

Governor Leon C. Phillips secured from the 1939 Legislature the important power of control of appropriations, authorizing him to make quarterly reductions up to 25 per cent; and throughout the year he has been pursuing a vigorous economy program. He has reduced state employees by 2,000, wiped out a $5,000,000 highway deficit, cut school appropriations from $12,800,000 to $11,500,000, reduced the state building program, and allowed no new taxes to be set up. His program is so conservative that educational and welfare administrators are complaining of the pinch. (For dam construction, see RECLAMATION.)

In politics a lively contest is on between a 'Draft Roosevelt' movement headed by the junior United States Senator, Josh Lee, and the anti-Roosevelt state House, for control of the state delegation to the Democratic National Convention in 1940.

Economic Conditions.

Business and economic conditions during 1939 have improved somewhat. In January the business index was lower than at any time since June, 1935; by November it had risen to a point only 10 per cent below November 1938. The gains were chiefly in agricultural cash income, expansion of bank credit, building activity, and industrial employment and payrolls. Agricultural cash income rose because of higher prices, and some increased production, chiefly in livestock, which was larger in November than for any other November in twelve years past except the drouth year 1936. Building permits in fifteen principal cities in November, though down 15.5 per cent from the previous November, were also slightly up for the year.

Employment and payrolls, unchanged until September, improved slightly then; though employment fell off in the oil industry. Payrolls have risen proportionately more than employment. Retail sales, reported for November by 152 stores in nine kinds of trade, were slightly down from both the previous month and the previous November; though the seasonal decline was slightly less than usual. Registration of new passenger cars during the year was 16 per cent greater than in 1938.

Bank loans reported by the Kansas City Federal Reserve District were 15.1 per cent greater in November 1939 than a year before; the gain in deposits was 8.8 per cent. Business failures from January through November were 153, as against 140 for the same period in 1938. The average liabilities of the bankrupt concerns was $5,200 in November 1938, $3,900 in November 1939.

State Officers.

The chief state officers are: Governor, Leon C. Phillips; Lieutenant Governor, James E. Berry; Secretary of State, C. C. Childers; Auditor, Frank C. Carter; Attorney General, Mac Q. Williamson; Treasurer, Carl B. Sebring; Superintendent of Public Instruction, A. L. Crable.

United States Senators.

J. Elmer Thomas, Josh Lee.

1938: Oklahoma

Area and Population.

Nicknamed the 'Sooner State' from the land rush of 1889, Oklahoma was admitted to statehood Nov. 16, 1907. It ranks 17th in size among the states, with an area of 70,057 sq. mi. In population it ranks 21st, numbering 2,396,040, according to the census of 1930; 2,548,000 on July 1, 1937, according to a Federal estimate. The largest cities are Oklahoma City, the capital, 185,389 (1930 census); Tulsa, the oil capital of the nation, 141,258; Muskogee, 32,026; Enid, 26,399; Shawnee, 23,283. The population includes 170,000 Negroes. Germans are the dominant foreign-born group. The urban population is 34.3 per cent of the whole.

Agriculture.

About 70 per cent of the area of the state is farm land. The chief farm products are broom corn, cotton, wheat, Indian corn, oats, grain sorghums, hay and potatoes. Livestock and poultry are important; turkeys are a specialty.

Industry.

The leading industries of the state are petroleum refining, with an income greater than that of all other industries combined; flour and grain milling; cottonseed oil manufacture; zinc smelting and refining; meat-packing; and lumber. Timber is cut in large quantities in the mountainous eastern part, chiefly soft pine, with such hard woods as yellow pine, oak, red gum, and elm.

Mineral Products.

Oklahoma ranks fourth among the states in the value of its mineral products, largely because of extraordinary resources in petroleum and gas. In these the state ranks respectively third and fourth in the Union. The petroleum and gas fields underlie some 43 of the state's 77 counties, chiefly in the north central and southwestern parts. Production of oil in 1937 surpassed that of any year in the last decade: 228,839,000 bbl. as against 206,555,000 (value, $232,100,000) in 1936. The amount of natural gas produced in 1937 was 295,000,000 M cu. ft. In 1936 it was 280,481,000 M cu. ft. with a value of $28,847,000. In the production of zinc, Oklahoma leads the Union. The amount in 1937, slightly exceeding that of 1936, was 135,696 tons. The total value of Oklahoma's mineral products in 1936 was $305,152,286.

Education.

The public school picture in Oklahoma has the following outlines: In 1937-38 the inhabitants of school age (6 to 21) numbered 707,328. The total enrollment in 5,184 school districts was 623,750, including 585,114 white pupils and 48,636 Negroes. The system included 849 high schools. Pupils enrolled for vocational education numbered 28,963. In 1936-37 Oklahoma expended $29,034,401 on public schools.

Annual Review.

General conditions throughout the state were decidedly worse in 1938 than in 1937. Agricultural production fell off, with lower prices (especially in cotton), and a rust epidemic in wheat. Manufacturing also decreased. The volume of production of natural resources was reduced, petroleum being off 100,000 bbls. a day. Meanwhile, relief needs and unemployment increased.

As the Legislature, like other midwestern chambers, meets biennially in the odd-numbered years, there was no session in 1938. A shake-up in the Oklahoma City school board resulted in prison sentences for the treasurer and the attorney of the board, with other trials to come.

The event of the year was the November election, more important than in some states, since the state executives were elected for a 4-year term. A proposed constitutional amendment to empower cities to set up retirement pensions for teachers was lost. The state is traditionally strongly Democratic. Victory in the Democratic primary is considered assurance of election, and no Republican candidate was elected to any major office. State law provides that the governor, secretary of state, auditor, and treasurer may not succeed themselves; in this election the secretary of state and auditor exchanged offices (see below).

Banking.

The 185 state banks operating in Oklahoma showed some improvement in 1938 over 1937. They reported Sept. 28, 1938, total deposits of $50,700,621, loans and discounts of $19,770,276, capital stock of $4,042,000, surplus of $1,923,723, undivided profits of $1,228,655, and reserves of $203,283.

Finance.

The receipts of the state treasury for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1938, were $62,087,923; the total expenditures $74,079,299. Among the items of expense were these: for education, $19,969,658; for old age and other assistance grants, $15,779,493; and for direct relief, $4,276,908.

Federal aid funds expended during the fiscal year were $11,084,981. Expenditures for unemployment insurance did not begin until December 1938.

State Officers.

As a result of the election, the chief state officers are: Governor, Leon C. Phillips; Lieutenant Governor, Jas. E. Berry; Secretary of State, C. C. Childers; Auditor, Frank C. Carter; Attorney General, Mac Q. Williamson; Treasurer, Carl B. Sebring; Supt. of Public Instruction, A. L. Crable.

Judiciary.

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Monroe Osborn. Associates, Wayne W. Bayless, Earl Welch, James I. Phelps, N. S. Corn, Thurman S. Hurst, Thomas L. Gibson, Orel Busby (succeeded by Denver Davison, elected November 1938), Fletcher Riley.

United States Senators:

J. Elmer Thomas, Josh Lee.