1942: Nebraska

Area and Population.

Nebraska lies a little north of the geographical center of the United States. The extreme length of the state is 413 mi., and its extreme width, 208 mi. It ranks fifteenth in size, with an area of 76,808 sq. mi. One of the two outstanding physical features of Nebraska is the sandhill region lying just west of the central part of the state, reaching from near the Platte River almost to the Niobrara. It contains about one-fourth of the area of the state. The other is the loess region lying just to the east and southeast of the sandhills, and extending from northeast to south and southwest. It includes about 45 per cent of the area of the state.

Nebraska ranks thirty-second in population, having 1,315,834 residents (1940). Of these 39 per cent are urban. About 99 per cent of the population are whites. A little less than 9 per cent are foreign-born. During the last year there has been a considerable movement of population into the state to supply labor in new industries. Nebraska has nine cities of 10,000 or more population. The largest are Omaha, 223,844; and Lincoln, the capital, 81,984.

Agriculture.

Agriculture is the main industry of the state. North of the Platte River and east of the sandhills the main crop is corn. South of the Platte and east of the hundredth meridian, the land is devoted to mixed farming, with winter wheat and corn the main crops. All that part of the state west of these two areas is within the range country. There are, however, within this area three small but important crop regions. On the irrigated land of the North Platte Valley sugar beets, potatoes, and alfalfa are the most important crops. South of this valley is an area where the land under cultivation is devoted chiefly to wheat. To the north of the North Platte Valley, with Hemingford as the most important shipping center, is an area where potatoes are the main crop.

In 1942 the average yield of corn, 34½ bu. per acre, was the best since 1896. The total production has been exceeded only six times in the history of the state. Winter wheat, with a yield of 24 bu. per acre, was also above the average. The production of potatoes was the largest in the history of the state. Nebraska retained its rank as second in the production of winter wheat, and for 1942 was third in the production of corn.

Cattle represent one of the largest investments in Nebraska. After a shortage of cattle for several years, due to protracted drought and poor pasture conditions, the number of cattle had returned to normal by the beginning of 1942. The number of hogs early in 1942 was only a little more than 50 per cent of the average. This condition has been improved during the year, but the shortage is still serious.

Manufacturing.

Since Nebraska is primarily an agricultural state, manufacturing has to do largely with the processing of agricultural products. The most important of such industrial products are: (1) Dressed meat and poultry; (2) beet sugar; (3) butter; (4) flour and mill products. There was considerable expansion in manufacturing in 1942.

Education.

For the year ending June 30, 1942, inhabitants of school age (5 to 21 years) totaled 342,145, a decrease from the previous year of about 3½ per cent; number of rural schools, 5,579; number of graded schools, 720. The enrollment in all elementary schools was 177,826, a decrease of 3 per cent; and in the high schools, 79,838, a decrease of 4 per cent. The total expenditure for rural schools was $4,460,333.56; for city and village schools, including most of the high schools, $16,531,348.71. The number of men teachers employed in cities and villages was 1,670; the number of women, 6,014. The average salary for men in city and village schools, including most high schools, was $1,246.91; the average salary for women in such schools, was $980.39. The average salary for men in rural schools was $523.90; for women, $518.94.

Finance.

The report of the State Auditor for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1942, was as follows: revenue received, $31,294,050.20; expenditures, $29,171,326.40, and refunds, $8,333.41. Total receipts were $43,372,029.76; total expenditures, $41,661,030.85. Cash balance in state treasury after deducting warrants not cashed, $5,927,369.95; indebtedness, bonded or otherwise, none.

The amount of money paid out for general relief by the 93 counties in Nebraska from July 1941 through June 1942 was $798,451.19, as compared with the fiscal year of 1940-41 when $1,169,104.49 was paid out for this purpose. The state paid out from state and Federal funds for old-age assistance for the fiscal year 1941-42, $6,706,565.34, as compared with a payment of $6,162,885.19 for the fiscal year 1940-41; for aid to dependent children $2,023,648.09, as compared with $2,002,936.53 for 1940-41; for blind assistance $186,900.65, as compared with $171,101.85 for the previous year.

The WPA is now operating with a very small force. There were 3,395 on the rolls in Nebraska Sept. 29, 1942, of whom 3,123 were certified for relief, the average age being 55 years. There were also 438 persons certified and available for WPA. This is a contrast with Sept. 30, 1941, when there were 14,291 people on WPA, 13,482 of whom were certified, with an average age of 47 years, and 2,416 certified and available, waiting to be taken on.

Payments for unemployment insurance in Nebraska for the first eight months of 1942, January to September, were $937,405.00. During the same period in 1941 the payments were $1,098,959.

Banking.

On June 30, 1942, Nebraska had 279 state banks with total assets of $107,497,766.90 and total liabilities of $94,408,457.41, as compared with 285 state banks, June 30, 1941, with total assets of $89,360,630.50 and total liabilities of $76,700,386.91. There were also in September 1942, 133 national banks in the state with a capital of $49,362,000 and deposits of $455,153,000.

Political Events.

In the election of Nov. 3, 1942, Kenneth S. Wherry of Pawnee City, Republican, defeated Senator George W. Norris of McCook, Independent, and Foster May of Omaha, Democrat, for United States Senator. Senator Norris had served the state of Nebraska in the United States Senate for a period of thirty years. Previously he was a member of the Lower House of Congress for ten years, Nebraska's representation in the Lower House has been reduced from five to four members by the new apportionment. The four newly-elected members are Republicans.

State Officers.

Governor, Dwight Griswold; Lieutenant Governor, Roy W. Johnson; Secretary of State, Frank Marsh; Auditor of Public Accounts, Ray C. Johnson; State Treasurer, Carl G. Swanson; Attorney General, Walter R. Johnson; Superintendent of Public Instruction, Wayne O. Reed.

United States Senators:

Hugh A. Butler, Kenneth S. Wherry.

1941: Nebraska

Area and Population.

The 77,520 sq. mi. of Nebraska, the 'Cornhusker State,' make it 15th in size among the states. Its richest farm land is in the northeastern river country. The north-central section is lake and cattle-ranch country. The northwest is the butte country — great table-lands, canyons, and mountain ranges. The southwest is rolling prairie. More than a third of the state is fully cultivated; more than half is pasture and cattle ranges.

The state is 32nd in population, with 1,315,834, according to the 1940 census, living mostly in the eastern part of the state, as in Iowa and Kansas. More than a third of the population is urban. The foreign-born constitute about 11 per cent, and are chiefly Germans, Swedes, Irish, and Czechs. The chief cities are: Omaha, 223,844; Lincoln. the capital, 61,984; Grand Island, 19,130; and Hastings, 15,145.

Education.

The State Superintendent of Public Instruction reported for 1939-40 as follows: Number of children of school age (5 to 21), 369,154; total enrollment, 276,188; average daily attendance, 242,602; elementary pupils in cities and villages, 123,677; rural-school pupils, 68,233; high-school pupils, 84,278; teachers in rural schools, 5,929; teachers in graded schools, 7,830; teachers in high schools, 3,759.

The number of rural schools was 5,764 (one-teacher schools, 5,675); graded schools, 836; high schools, 744 (not accredited, 221). The average salary of teachers was, for men, $1,123,33; for women, $981.04.

State expenditures for schools, 1939-40, amounted to $20,427,683. This included the following items: Teachers' salaries, $10,900,554; textbooks, supplies, and other expenses, $9,877,183; capital outlay, $906,516; debt service, $1,584,254.

During the past ten years city and village elementary pupils have decreased in number 19 per cent, rural elementary pupils 33 per cent, whereas high-school pupils have increased 20 per cent. Elementary teachers have decreased 5 per cent, high-school teachers 11 per cent; expenditures for public education have decreased 27 per cent. The average total yearly cost per pupil in 1938-39 was $72.03, or $22.55 less than the national average.

Nebraska is 5th among the states in the number of high-school graduates per 1000 of population; it is 46th in state support of public education.

Agriculture.

Corn is king in Nebraska. The State Department of Agriculture estimated for 1941 a corn crop of 152,280,000 bu., 42 per cent above 1940, and the best crop since 1933; oats were second with 54,074,000 bu., 54 per cent above 1940; barley third with 49,954,000 bu., 121 per cent increase; and winter wheat fourth, with 33,666,000 bu., a decrease of 30,000 bu. from 1940.

Livestock and dairy products are close in importance to the grains; the state is 4th in the Union in livestock. Omaha, with its 240 A. of stockyards, is the second largest livestock market in the country. Mutton and wool are important products. In the dry west, irrigation and dry-farming prevail.

Pasture conditions during 1941, rated 80 per cent, as compared with 45 per cent a year before; milk production was almost 9 per cent better. Cattle were more numerous than in 1940; hogs, sheep, and poultry were fewer; but all were worth more per head.

Industry.

The important industries of Nebraska result directly from its absorbing preoccupation with agriculture. They are chiefly meat-packing and the processing of poultry products, together with the manufacture of the farm machinery required by the large-scale, mechanized farm operations.

Finance.

Total appropriations for the 1939-41 biennium were $51,029,721 (9 per cent less than in 1937-39); major items were state support of the University, $7,530,270; state board of control, $4,637,860; public works, $16,694,175; state welfare assistance, $15,249,400.

Budget appropriations voted in 1941 by the Legislature for the next biennium, 1941-43, were $57,545,652, a rise of 12 per cent from the preceding biennium. Of this amount, $19,450,833 was for welfare assistance. The cumulative figure for unemployment compensation for the ten months ending October 31 was $1,153,336.

State Officers.

Governor, Dwight Griswold; Lieutenant Governor, William E. Johnson; Secretary of State, Frank Marsh; Auditor of Public Accounts, Ray C. Johnson; Treasurer, L. B. Johnson; Attorney General, Walter R. Johnson; Superintendent of Public Instruction, Charles W. Taylor.

United States Senators:

George W. Norris, Hugh A. Butler.

1941: Nebraska

Area and Population.

The 77,520 sq. mi. of Nebraska, the 'Cornhusker State,' make it 15th in size among the states. Its richest farm land is in the northeastern river country. The north-central section is lake and cattle-ranch country. The northwest is the butte country — great table-lands, canyons, and mountain ranges. The southwest is rolling prairie. More than a third of the state is fully cultivated; more than half is pasture and cattle ranges.

The state is 32nd in population, with 1,315,834, according to the 1940 census, living mostly in the eastern part of the state, as in Iowa and Kansas. More than a third of the population is urban. The foreign-born constitute about 11 per cent, and are chiefly Germans, Swedes, Irish, and Czechs. The chief cities are: Omaha, 223,844; Lincoln. the capital, 61,984; Grand Island, 19,130; and Hastings, 15,145.

Education.

The State Superintendent of Public Instruction reported for 1939-40 as follows: Number of children of school age (5 to 21), 369,154; total enrollment, 276,188; average daily attendance, 242,602; elementary pupils in cities and villages, 123,677; rural-school pupils, 68,233; high-school pupils, 84,278; teachers in rural schools, 5,929; teachers in graded schools, 7,830; teachers in high schools, 3,759.

The number of rural schools was 5,764 (one-teacher schools, 5,675); graded schools, 836; high schools, 744 (not accredited, 221). The average salary of teachers was, for men, $1,123,33; for women, $981.04.

State expenditures for schools, 1939-40, amounted to $20,427,683. This included the following items: Teachers' salaries, $10,900,554; textbooks, supplies, and other expenses, $9,877,183; capital outlay, $906,516; debt service, $1,584,254.

During the past ten years city and village elementary pupils have decreased in number 19 per cent, rural elementary pupils 33 per cent, whereas high-school pupils have increased 20 per cent. Elementary teachers have decreased 5 per cent, high-school teachers 11 per cent; expenditures for public education have decreased 27 per cent. The average total yearly cost per pupil in 1938-39 was $72.03, or $22.55 less than the national average.

Nebraska is 5th among the states in the number of high-school graduates per 1000 of population; it is 46th in state support of public education.

Agriculture.

Corn is king in Nebraska. The State Department of Agriculture estimated for 1941 a corn crop of 152,280,000 bu., 42 per cent above 1940, and the best crop since 1933; oats were second with 54,074,000 bu., 54 per cent above 1940; barley third with 49,954,000 bu., 121 per cent increase; and winter wheat fourth, with 33,666,000 bu., a decrease of 30,000 bu. from 1940.

Livestock and dairy products are close in importance to the grains; the state is 4th in the Union in livestock. Omaha, with its 240 A. of stockyards, is the second largest livestock market in the country. Mutton and wool are important products. In the dry west, irrigation and dry-farming prevail.

Pasture conditions during 1941, rated 80 per cent, as compared with 45 per cent a year before; milk production was almost 9 per cent better. Cattle were more numerous than in 1940; hogs, sheep, and poultry were fewer; but all were worth more per head.

Industry.

The important industries of Nebraska result directly from its absorbing preoccupation with agriculture. They are chiefly meat-packing and the processing of poultry products, together with the manufacture of the farm machinery required by the large-scale, mechanized farm operations.

Finance.

Total appropriations for the 1939-41 biennium were $51,029,721 (9 per cent less than in 1937-39); major items were state support of the University, $7,530,270; state board of control, $4,637,860; public works, $16,694,175; state welfare assistance, $15,249,400.

Budget appropriations voted in 1941 by the Legislature for the next biennium, 1941-43, were $57,545,652, a rise of 12 per cent from the preceding biennium. Of this amount, $19,450,833 was for welfare assistance. The cumulative figure for unemployment compensation for the ten months ending October 31 was $1,153,336.

State Officers.

Governor, Dwight Griswold; Lieutenant Governor, William E. Johnson; Secretary of State, Frank Marsh; Auditor of Public Accounts, Ray C. Johnson; Treasurer, L. B. Johnson; Attorney General, Walter R. Johnson; Superintendent of Public Instruction, Charles W. Taylor.

United States Senators:

George W. Norris, Hugh A. Butler.

1940: Nebraska

Area and Population.

The 'Cornhusker State,' with an area of 77,520 sq. mi., is 15th in size among the states. It is an important member of the block of midwestern agricultural states of rich fertility. More than a third of its area is under full cultivation; more than half is in pasture and cattle ranges.

The 1940 census showed Nebraska to be one of the five plains states to have lost in population since 1930; it is now in 32d place, down by 62,129 to 1,315,834. More than a third are city-dwellers; and a large majority live in the eastern end of the state, as in Kansas and Iowa. Some 11 per cent are foreign-born; mainly Germans, Swedes, Czechoslovakians, and Irish. The leading cities are Omaha, 223,844; Lincoln (the capital), 61,984; Grand Island, 19,130; and Hastings, 15,145.

Agriculture.

Nebraska is predominantly agricultural; but its large-scale farming is so highly streamlined and mechanized, by the use of machinery, that the latter constitutes an important industry. Corn is the leading crop, followed by wheat, hay, oats, and barley. Livestock and dairy products are almost as important as these crops. In the drier western areas, both irrigation and dry-farming are extensively developed.

Events of the Year.

After a year's oil production in the Forest City basin of southeastern Nebraska, 18 wells were completed or under way in 1940, with a potential daily output of from 10,000 to 15,000 bbls. The proved area comprises 1,200 acres; with 50 to 100 additional wells expected. General business in the district has risen by from 25 to 50 per cent.

In the election, Nebraska was one of the 8 midwest states that supported Wendell Willkie, giving him a plurality over President Roosevelt of 85,973; or 57 per cent of the total vote of 604,843. Of the ten states that voted Republican, Nebraska and Kansas tied each other in giving Mr. Willkie the largest percentage of their vote.

Industry.

Meat-packing and the processing of poultry products are more important than all other industries combined. The only leading industries not concerned with food products are printing and publishing, and machinery.

Education.

The latest figures available from the Superintendent of Public Instruction show that on June 30, 1938, the state had 382,601 residents of school age (5 to 21); 289,916 attending 6,635 public schools; 25,125 in private and parochial schools. There were 206,779 in elementary grades, 83,137 in secondary. Men teachers numbered 1,966, women, 11,899. The average salary was $749. State expenditures for education totaled $20,067,257.

Banking.

The State Banking Department reported on Oct. 4, 1939, for the 289 commercial and savings banks as follows: capital stock, $7,709,500; loans and discounts, $35,361,180; surplus fund, $2,528,350; undivided profits, $1,651,750; reserve for contingencies, $298,651; total deposits, $69,314,965.

Finance.

Nebraska prides itself on having no state income tax, no sales tax, no luxury taxes, and no state debt. The policy is strictly 'pay as you go,' with the issuance of state bonds forbidden by the state Constitution.

Receipts for the year ending June 30, 1939, were reported by the State Treasurer as $42,680,096; expenditures, $42,589,242. Gasoline tax collections were $11,801,840, expended, $11,247,346. Federal funds received were $7,687,834; expended, $8,225,422.

State Officers.

Governor, Dwight Griswold; Lieutenant Governor, Wm. E. Johnson; Secretary of State, Frank Marsh; Auditor, Ray C. Johnson; Treasurer, L. B. Johnson; Attorney General, Walter R. Johnson; Superintendent of Public Instruction, Charles W. Taylor.

United States Senators:

George W. Norris, Hugh A. Butler.

1939: Nebraska

Area and Population.

Known as the 'Cornhusker State,' Nebraska, one of the central block of agricultural plains states, was admitted to statehood March 1, 1867. It is 15th in size in the Union, with an area of 77,520 sq. mi. More than a third of its fertile plains are in cultivation; more than half are in pasture and cattle ranges.

Nebraska's population of 1,364,000 (Federal estimate, July 1, 1937) ranks it 37th among the states. More than a third of the population live in cities, and (as in Kansas and Iowa) are concentrated in the eastern end of the state. The chief cities are Omaha, 214,006; Lincoln (the capital), 75,933; Grand Island, 18,041; Hastings, 15,490. About 11 per cent are foreign-born, chiefly Germans, Swedes, Czechoslovakians and Irish; and about 1 per cent are Negroes.

Agriculture.

The large-scale farming of the state is highly mechanized, with robot tractors and other modern, stream-lined machinery. Corn is the main crop; with wheat an important second. Hay is a third, followed by oats and barley. Second in importance to these crops are livestock and dairy products. The associated industries are slaughtering and meat-packing, food processing and milling. In the drier western part, irrigation and dry-farming are highly developed.

Education.

In addition to the University of Nebraska (established in 1869), there are four state-supported colleges for teacher-training. The Superintendent of Public Instruction reported (June 30, 1938) that the state had 382,601 persons of school age (5 to 21), of whom 289,916 were enrolled in 6,635 public schools, 25,125 in private and parochial schools, and 7,317 in vocational training. In the public schools 206,779 pupils were in elementary grades, and 83,137 in secondary. The 13,865 teachers (1,966 men, 11,899 women) received average salaries of $812 for men and $730 for women. State expenditures for education amounted to $20,067,257.

Events of the Year.

General conditions in Nebraska in 1939 changed little from 1938, except in agriculture where the cumulative effects of several drouth years made farm relief needs more acute. Banking and finance, directly dependent upon agriculture, suffered correspondingly. Unemployment and the resulting relief needs increased slightly. A national advertising campaign during the year brought into the state a few small industries.

In legislation, the unicameral body drew attention by refusing to pass a price-fixing bill for barber-shops, as well as other 'little NRA' measures to regulate private business. The Legislature has saved money on its own salaries and expenses, not as much as its 1937 predecessor saved, but far more than the old bi-cameral Legislature did. The second purpose of the new body — to minimize lobbying — is also being achieved: the legislators, fewer in number, are more in the public eye, and all hearings are open to the press. The third aim — to elect legislators on a nonpartisan basis and have a nonpartisan chamber — is still being pursued, though less effectively than in 1937.

The industrial event of the year was the discovery of oil at Falls City, Richardson County, in the extreme southeastern corner of the state. This is a part of the Forest City basin underlying the adjoining corners of Kansas and Missouri. The well is producing about 150 bbls. a day, and wildcat drilling has started feverishly in that section and elsewhere in the state. A refinery was established in Omaha, and in December a Falls City milling company was buying from Omaha the distillate from the new well to run its own Diesel engines, the first event of its kind in Nebraska history. Omaha was already benefiting as a commercial center by the development of barge traffic on the Missouri. (For dam construction, see RECLAMATION.)

Finance.

The state continues to proclaim itself proudly as 'the white spot of the nation' financially, with no state income tax, no sales tax, no luxury taxes, and no state debt. The Constitution prohibits the issuing of state bonds.

The State Treasurer reported for the year ending June 30, 1939, total receipts of $42,680,096 and expenditures of $42,589,242. Gasoline tax collections for the highway fund — the largest single item — amounted to $11,801,840, of which $11,247,346 were disbursed. Federal funds received were $7,687,834; disbursed, $8,225,422.

Banking.

The 289 commercial and savings banks of the state reported, October 2, 1939, as follows; capital stock, $7,709,500; loans and discounts, $35,361,180; surplus fund, $2,528,350 (increase in twelve months of $139,050); undivided profits, $1,651,750; reserve for contingencies, $298,651; total deposits, $69,314,965 (an increase in twelve months of $4,367,053).

State Officers.

The leading officials of the state are: Governor, Roy L. Cochran; Lieutenant Governor, Wm. E. Johnson; Secretary of State, Harry R. Swanson; Auditor of Public Accounts, Ray C. Johnson; Treasurer, T. W. Bass; Attorney General, Walter R. Johnson; Superintendent of Public Instruction, Charles W. Taylor.

United States Senators.

George W. Norris, Edward R. Burke.

1938: Nebraska

Area and Population.

The 'Antelope' or 'Cornhusker State,' admitted to statehood March 1, 1867, Nebraska is one of the great central block of level agricultural states. The soil is so fertile as to produce excellent field and row crops with a minimum of moisture; 36 per cent of the state is under cultivation, 54 per cent is in ranges and pasture.

Nebraska ranks 15th in size among the states, with an area of 77,520 sq. mi. In population it ranks 32nd, numbering 1,377,963 according to the Census of 1930; 1,364,000 on July 1, 1937, according to a Federal estimate. The largest cities are Omaha, 214,006; Lincoln, the capital, 75,933; Grand Island, 18,041; Hastings, 15,490.

The population, as in Iowa and Kansas, is most dense in the east. About 11 per cent, or 150,000 are foreign-born, including Germans, Swedes, Czechoslovakians, and Irish. There are also 14,000 Negroes, and 3,000 Indians. The urban population comprises 35.3 per cent of the total.

Agriculture.

Irrigation and dry-farming are extensively developed in the west. The chief products are maize, wheat, oats, and wild hay. Second in importance are livestock and dairy products. Farming is highly mechanized, with robot tractors that run 24 hours, and other modern machinery to correspond. Other leading industries are slaughtering and meat-packing, food processing and milling.

Education.

Nebraska has five state-supported institutions of higher learning, with the University of Nebraska at the head (established 1871). Dr. C. S. Boucher, formerly Dean of the College of Arts, Literature, and Science of the University of Chicago, recently became Chancellor of the University, succeeding Dr. E. A. Burnett. Chancellor Boucher has just been instrumental in having the State Planning Board begin a long-range survey of the educational needs of the state. The other four state-supported institutions are teachers' colleges.

During the school year ending June 30, 1938, of the 382,601 inhabitants of school age (5 to 21), there were 289,916 pupils enrolled in public schools and 25,125 in private and parochial schools. There were 7,317 taking vocational courses. Teachers included 1,966 men and 11,899 women. The average salary was $812 for men and $730 for women. The state expenditure on education totalled $20,067,257.

Matters of Interest.

Nebraska is noted for the strikingly handsome State Capitol in Lincoln designed by Bertram Goodhue; and further distinguished by its famous legislative set-up of a single chamber of 43 members. The industrial interests of Nebraska are vigorously advertising the state as 'the white spot of the nation,' the only state without a bonded debt (since 1900), and on a pay-as-you-go basis.

Three counties in the extreme southeast are now sharing in the extraordinary activity that has recently brought into that region scores of oil operators. They have leased a million acres in Nebraska and the three adjoining states for gas and oil development (See MISSOURI).

General conditions throughout the state, however, generally were poorer during 1938 than in 1937. Manufacturing payrolls showed some increase, but manufacturing as a whole fell off. Agricultural conditions were worse than in 1937, since the improved crops brought poorer prices. Banking and finance were also in poorer shape. Relief needs were greater; and unemployment increased.

The unicameral legislature was not in session during 1938. In the recent election ex-Governor Charles W. Bryan, running on an independent platform for homestead tax exemption and old-age pensions, was a poor third to Roy L. Cochran, Democrat, the first Nebraska governor to be re-elected for a third consecutive term. Otherwise, the Republicans elected all their candidates for state offices but one, the Democratic Secretary of State, who was also re-elected. The five United States Congressmen had been 4 to 1 Democratic, but became 3 to 2 Republican.

Finance.

The state treasury reported June 30, 1938, total receipts in state funds of $23,574,425, total disbursements of $24,096,742, with an accumulated balance of $4,282,251. The chief item involved, gasoline tax collections for the highway fund, amounted to $11,050,036 (disbursements, $10,477,637).

Federal funds received during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1938, totaled $8,252,134; current trust funds, $1,144,161; unemployment trust funds, $3,681,988 (deposited with U.S. Treasury, $3,475,300); permanent trust funds, $1,806,508; trust funds invested in bonds, $1,571,564.

The summary shows total receipts from all sources, $40,030,783; disbursements, $40,301,090; balance, $20,359,916 (accumulated).

Banking.

The 293 state banks, with total capital of $7,818,300, and total surplus of $2,389,300, had on Sept. 28, 1938, deposits of $65,047,912.

State Officers.

As the result of the 1938 election, the chief officers are as follows: Governor, Roy L. Cochran; Lieutenant Governor, Wm. E. Johnson; Secretary of State, Harry R. Swanson; Auditor of Public Accounts, Ray C. Johnson; Treasurer, T. W. Bass; Attorney General, Walter R. Johnson; Superintendent of Public Instruction, Charles W. Taylor.

Judiciary.

The state judiciary is headed by Chief Justice Charles A. Goss. The six Associate Justices are Wm. B. Rose, Edward E. Good, George A. Eberly, E. B. Day, Bayard H. Paine, and Edward F. Carter.

United States Senators.

George W. Norris, Edward R. Burke.