Six states fell under Nazi sway in 1940. Some rulers took refuge abroad, like Wilhelmina, Queen of The Netherlands, and Haakon, Norway's King; others remained, like Leopold III of Belgium and Christian X of Denmark, their governments subjugated to Nazi dictatorship. While the German Army overran three-fifths of France, the Vichy Government under Marshal Pétain undertook the work of reconstruction in the unoccupied portion.
In Eastern Europe Moscow-controlled Parliaments in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania proclaimed each country in turn a Socialist Republic of the Soviet Union.
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