Baker, Howland, and Jarvis Islands, three small islands in the Pacific Ocean belonging to the United States, are situated along the Equator approximately 1,000 miles southwest of Hawaii along important shipping routes at 176° 30, 177° and 160° W. long, respectively. The islands were claimed for the United States by Commander C. H. Davis on Aug. 16, and Aug. 24, 1857; and on May 13, 1936, by executive order were placed under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of the Interior. During 1936, the United States Government established aerological stations on the islands. In March 1937 an airfield was leveled off on Howland for the proposed Pan American Airways route between Honolulu, New Zealand, and Australia.
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